• Gap junctions mediate electrical coupling between cells by c

  2021-11-15

  

  Gap junctions mediate electrical coupling between cells by conducting direct ionic currents and thereby modulate their electrical activity (Hormuzdi et al., 2004). In the nervous system, electrical coupling organizes network activity by amplifying and synchronizing neuronal firing (Galarreta and Hes

• Galanin was shown to play an

  2021-11-15

  

  Galanin was shown to play an important role in pain and pain processing [14] and the involvement of neuropeptides in the development of migraine is well established [[24], [25], [26]], however, so far it has not been examined whether systemic galanin levels correlate with migraine. Therefore, we use

• Based on the previous report

  2021-11-15

  

  Based on the previous report that FXR regulated PEPCK indirectly [20], we speculated that FXR may regulate gluconeogenesis by regulating some key transcription factors associated with gluconeogenesis. Finally, by using HS218 as a probe, we found that FXR binds to PGC-1α promoter and directly regulat

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2021-11-15

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion ERK5 signaling and its regulation has gained focus in recent years specially in the subject of cardiovascular biology, where this kinase plays a key role in angiogenesis and maintenance of blood vessel integrity [18,20,34,35]. The signaling pathways

• EZH can also interact with

  2021-11-15

  

  EZH2 can also interact with Ten-Eleven Translocation gene family members (TET1, TET2, and TET3), which convert 5-methylcytosine (5 mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), to cause changes in patterns of histone methylation and DNA methylation [52]. Huang et al. found that the expression levels of all

• To efficiently develop bioactive ligands even if the

  2021-11-15

  

  To efficiently develop bioactive ligands even if the structural information of the target protein is unknown, we have presented a three-dimensional structural diversity-oriented strategy based on structural properties of a chiral cyclopropane. Our strategy has allowed us to design and synthesize a s

• In addition recent research shows that HK contributes

  2021-11-15

  

  In addition, recent research shows that HK2 contributes to the inhibition of apoptosis through the suppression of the formation of mitochondrial permeability transition pores in association with voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) protein [11]. We also found that AKT2 mediates HK2 resistance to a

• br Hh Proteins at a Glance Hh family

  2021-11-15

  

  Hh Proteins at a Glance Hh family proteins are evolutionarily conserved morphogens that provide cells with positional information and fate instruction during early embryonic development. After development, Hh ligands contribute to tissue homeostasis and wound healing 1., 2.. Consistent with these

• In addition to the increase of extracellular glutamate ICH c

  2021-11-12

  

  In addition to the increase of extracellular glutamate, ICH can also increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Although the products of red blood cell lysis and plasma components, as well as the excitotoxic effect of glutamate have been to increase oxidative damage (

• Our initial lead optimization started with the modification

  2021-11-12

  

  Our initial lead optimization started with the modification of the indole head group as summarized in . Extensive exploration indicated that there was limited tolerance of structural change in this region of the molecule. All of the modifications to the indole moiety, including N-substitution (), li

• Because AM had limited efficacy on rodent GPR

  2021-11-12

  

  Because (AM-3189) had limited efficacy on rodent GPR40, we used two rodent models expressing human GPR40 to demonstrate efficacy of (AM-3189). First, we used human islet transplanted nude mice. In this model, endogenous pancreatic β-cells were ablated using streptozotocin, and mice were rescued to e

• Chemotherapeutic approaches to glioblastoma which are highly

  2021-11-12

  

  Chemotherapeutic approaches to glioblastoma, which are highly invasive, are still largely unsuccessful and have only a minimal impact on patients’ survival rate . New agents that target the specific molecular aberrations in the tumors are presently being investigated for their efficacy against this

• GSK212 receptor The ability to metastasize is the defining c

  2021-11-12

  

  The ability to metastasize is the defining character of a cancer and the leading cause for resultant mortality. It is hypothesized that a rare subset of cancer cells, often operationally referred to as “cancer stem cells” (CSCs), are responsible for sustaining cancer metastasis and recurrence [1]. T

• Introduction Histone is the core component of

  2021-11-12

  

  Introduction Histone is the core component of chromatin and histone modification is one of the key mechanisms of epigenetic regulation (Bannister and Kouzarides, 2011). Amino alzheimer's association residues on histone tails can be modified under different mechanisms including acetylation, methyla

• br The methyl aspartate receptor

  2021-11-11

  

  The -methyl--aspartate receptor (NMDAr) hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia correlates disease symptomology with glutamatergic neurotransmission dysfunction., , , Therefore, inhibition of glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) to elevate synaptic levels of glycine and potentiate NMDAr signaling is a

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